17、The Philosophy of Yin and Yang and Social System
The philosophy of Lao-Tzu appears the softest and the most feminine, while individualism in the Western culture shows the most masculine.
Each category of Chinese culture is closely related to Lao-Tzu’s Tao Te Ching, including Confucianism that is just the application of Lao-Tzu’s philosophy in the feudal society!
More importantly, Chinese harmonious society is another modern manifestation of Lao-Tzu’s philosophy, and its nature lies in femininity!
The typical manifestations of femininity are conservation, peace, content, muddling along, and even sabotaging!
Egoism in the Western culture definitely focuses on masculinity, centralising individuals and maximising personal interests, and its main features are offence, aggression, enterprising, and straggling!
Since femininity is superior to masculinity, the country of China was parcelled, invaded, and defeated by the Western countries featured by individualism after going through the flourish feudal governance!
After all, however, China may be defeated by the Western culture’s masculinity, if it can’t totally get out of the feminine limit. The nightmare that Eight-Power Allied Forces captured Beijing would come in the end!
Actually, according to the philosophy of Yin and Yang, neither femininity nor masculinity is imperfect at all. Just like the combination of man and woman, we may feel regretted, imperfect, and anxious, whether there is no man or no woman in life.
The Western countries appear so masculine that it leaves the impression to us that the people there are all foolish or stupid!
China shows so feminine that Chinese people look so sissy and worthless, just like fake eunuch!
One country should show its femininity when the strong is needed and appears its masculinity when the soft is required!
So how does a country integrate femininity and masculinity together well?
Among the social system, the society runs in order, people abide by behavioural conventions and follow the social regulations. Such society is where feminine social system shows its advantages!
While each individual is active, energetic, and diligent in the masculine, so working hard manifests the masculine society’s strengths.
Human beings are primarily selfish, so when will they become energetic, diligent, and hard workers?
It is when human beings are working for themselves that they work diligently and energetically.
So what is working for individual themselves?
It is extremely selfish, centring on individuals, doing all for ourselves and our benefits and ignore our wives, children, parents, and even our own countries, that is, personal interests are placed in the highest situation.
Such is the Western capitalism, whose nature is to protect personal interests. The laws, morals, and ethics in the Western countries all serve their personal interests.
Such is the typical combination of femininity and masculinity in the social system.
So the question is how to combine the behaviours of following social rules and obtaining personal interests. That appears in the most perfect social system.
It is definite that femininity and masculinity can be perfectly combined with each other.
The conception of separating ownership from management is the result of the perfect combination of following social rules and obtaining personal interests.
Only if it is not only applied into the state-owned enterprises and capitals but also used in the social system and the conception will it show its maximised effectiveness.
The conception is able to make a difference to the whole world if applied appropriately.
Masculinity refers to the sky, persistence, aggression, enterprise, innovation, warmness, heat, brightness, conquer, man, the male, the left, and the government.
Femininity means the ground, softness, conservation, defence, tradition, coldness, darkness, obedience, woman, the female, the right, and the citizens.
The two concepts are the two parties in the unity of oppositeness, interdependent, and indispensable, such as the different parts of a car.
Masculinity is motor, providing power.
Femininity is brake, offering brake power.
Motor and brake are equally important.
The car will be damaged and the people will die, if a car is only equipped with strong motor without a brake.
Both time and oil are wasted and no movement is made, if a car only has a good brake without a strong motor.
In the area of politics, government serves for the people, and the balance of Yin and Yang is the people’s support of its government.
Otherwise the people’s fighting against its government is the unbalance of Yin and Yang, if the government’s policies harm the people’s interests.
As for the field of culture, such is the case as well.
Culture refers to the centralised manifestation of the outlook of life and social thoughts of an entire nation toward a country, a society, and even the universe.
Judging from the psychical analysis, it is the centralised reflection of the people’s subconsciousness.
It is also the restatement of a nation and a country. Politics and economics are just expressive forms of culture, but culture can be expressed by a variety of other forms.
Culture decides human beings’ patterns of thoughts, in turn, human’s patterns of thoughts decide different political patterns and then affect the economy.
Certainly, politics and economy can also make an effect on human beings’ philosophy and viewpoint and then help to change culture that is widely recognised as ideological education.
What is the Yang-qi of a nation?
1. Elites’ patriotism, that is, graduates’ and the senior intellectuals’ patriotism, and appears masculine, featured by destruction, corruption, and harmful elements. The prevalent corruption in China is the typical reflection of the lack of masculinity. If a man is short of Yang-qi, he is afraid to expose in the light. So is a country. Publicising possessions is unable to realise, so it is obvious that there is too much Yin and too little Yang in China.
Meanwhile, as the balance between Ying and Yang, democracy and autocratic also should be made balanced, otherwise, man will die if the fever is too serious.
2. A nation’s Yang-qi is also reflected by men’s collective characteristics. For example, whether a man is afraid to die or not, whether he does have a sense of justice, whether he is aggressive or not, or whether he does have the desire to conquer.
But how does a man have such characteristics? The external environment, mainly including political environment, economic environment, the gender environment, etc.
These environments are interrelated and inter-affected, which lead to the creation of a national integrity, that is, a national Yang-qi.
One or two things don’t matter at all, so it is no problem that there are one or two henpecked husbands in one nation. But the nation will be ruined, if most of its male people are henpecked.
Property law, a combination of Yin and Yang, is the inevitable result and legal safeguard of separating ownership from management.
Under the condition that the feminine and masculine social system doesn’t change, property law introduced the culture of femininity and masculinity.
If you intend to make clear that property is the basis of masculinity, it should be made clear that the property and possession as well as the range of each individual’s personal interests. The state representing its people can be considered as a private individual, and each person is a private individual who is require to make the most productive, that is, the most of masculinity. That is to say, the range of each person’s personal possession should be made clear, so should the range of proprietary rights, including the range of the people’s possession represented by their state.
The relations of different possessions between wives and husbands, between fathers and sons, between family members and countries should be strictly divided, seriously protected, mutually nonaggressive, non-interferent, and individually dependent. Thus, each person may show his enthusiasm for labour. Because human beings are selfish, they can work tirelessly and determinedly for themselves, and there is no way to make them work so hard except the method mentioned above.
That is to say, if a person’s personal possessions and personal interests are protected well, he has the possibility to do his best.
Such is a state. How could a state council’s lack of proprietary rights make an important decision for its state? Proprietary rights can be set aside while great national events are dealt with. Is that money?
How do its people obtain interests if a state fails to deal with international events?
A state centres on the maximum of the national profits. Individuals focus on the maximum of personal interests. If it works, the wealth of a whole nation can be accumulated.
If Chinese people intend to revitalise our nation, they should realise masculinity and individuals’ interests, including parents, wives and husbands, fathers and sons, nations and individuals.
Certainly, the Chinese is by no means the lack of femininity. Ying-qi has the effect on the growth of various plants and animals. China’s ying-qi is reflected by the public ownership of the state system in China.
The public ownership sector of the economy makes clear the limit of individuals’ affairs and the cultural events, independently and in charge of politic rights, respectively.
However, the public ownership sector of the economy also has the functions of justice and balanced growth towards the solution of national important events.
As is written in the Tao Te Ching, it can be concluded as the effect of ‘more damage and less compensation’. How feminine! How kind!
According to the ancient philosophy in China, the ‘nature and humanity’ ideology is necessary if human beings intend to obtain the permanent and harmonious state, and utopia or communist society was put forward by Marx.
The ‘nature and humanity’ ideology is the reflection that human beings’ behaviours abide by the objective laws of nature.
What are the objective laws of nature? It refers to the inexorable law concluded from all of things that happened to human beings, natural surroundings, related to the nature of human beings and the events made by human beings since the beginning of recorded history.
Regarding the laws of human being’s social system, what is the most suitable lifestyle that human beings should lead is the most appropriate and effective law.
1. Law of the jungle – it is not only an objective law, but also objective truth, that is, those who blow before it survive and those who resist perish.
2. Human beings need the permanently peaceful life.
How to lead a permanently peaceful life? The answer is a harmonious society keeps the permanent peace.
How to reach the permanent harmony? A true permanently harmonious society is featured by the forced control and the relevant power serving harmony. Otherwise peace state may disappear immediately without the state of the long-term peace.
So how does the strong power stay for a long time? Only public ownership and its capital have the power to keep the permanently steady status.
Marx intended to use public ownership to keep the strong power, in turn, apply strong power into the construction of a harmonious society.
However, Marx totally ignored the objective laws of the ‘law of the jungle’ and human beings’ nature featured by selfishness.
He aimlessly and optimistically drew the blue picture of socialism, ignoring the basic conditions, that is, human being’s ugliness, selfishness, and greediness.
The result is that almost all socialist countries have been ruined.
On the contrary, the capitalist system set up on the basis of human beings’ selfishness and greediness seems rather successful.
Tao Te Ching is the softest and the most feminine law, while the survival of the fittest is the most masculine law.
Femininity is totally lower than the masculine.
Governing the state and being a man should be equally focused on.
Centralised power of a country follows the laws of the king; policy of benevolence is the feminine way to control a state.
Governing the state by masculine means is to discard the weak and the coward and to support the strongest figures.
The above two aspects are not contrary at all.
Thus, I hold that the education of the ‘law of the jungle’ should be reinforced as the harmonious society is being constructed.
Improve the education of the ‘law of the jungle’.
People resenting of the rich is the most ashamed rubbish in our country.
Masculinity and femininity can be compared to the bones and flesh of human body. Bones are too hard to be made bend, so it belongs to Yang. Muscles are soft and elastic, so it is called Yin. Bones and flesh consists the human body, enabling humans to rise on their feet and walk freely.
The law of the jungle presents the national spirits, called Yang and bones. Harmonious society shows the Yin of the national spirits, that is, flesh.
In Western society, they believe in the law of the jungle and never think about harmony; they only have bones without flesh, so they are so strong and so aggressive.
Chinese traditional culture focuses on harmony and friendliness and says no to the law of the jungle, so each person is required to take care of himself or herself, hiding the creative and personality, which is called as sticking to the rules. Chinese people only have flesh but have no bones. Once in a while, several proud heroes, standing out from the crowd, were born but ended up with miserable treatment, such as Yue Fei, Han Xin, Qu Yuan, Yang Hucheng, Lin Zexu, Peng Dehuan, and so on. Don’t mention the old times, and such is the case in the modern times.
Thus, after investigating both Western culture and Chinese culture, the best social system, culture conceptions, and moral standards are shown below:
There is law of the jungle in the harmonious society.
The most perfect combination of Ying and Yang equals to the system of flesh and bones.
Chinese socialism has developed to the present modern times when there is the best opportunity to realise the corresponding social culture, social system, governing thoughts, and moral standards.
1. The concept of harmonious society has been deeply rooted into the hearts of Chinese people as a cultural basis.
2. Chinese citizens generally recognise the Western culture and hold that the thought of money is supreme, and the law of the jungle has been widely accepted by the Western people as a prefunded social basis.
3. Chinese should find out some proper words and accurate forms of expressions from the two sorts of concepts so that femininity and masculinity can be legalised, moralised, and habituated.
4. The integrated society of the law of the jungle and harmonious society is characteristic by the essential and fundamental thought of the law of the jungle, which provides the entire society with great creative and intensive vigour, fully stimulate human beings’ vitality and enterprising, and overcome the human beings’ weakness, including ugliness, selfishness, degenerations, and laziness.
The negative effects and social conflicts resulting from the law of the jungle should be absorbed and assimilated by the concept of harmony to create a peaceful world.
The public-owned national capital is helpful to accomplish the harmonious task. That is also the most significant of the state-owned capital.
Human beings’ mind is always straightforward.
For instance, people may take it for granted that the law of the jungle is reasonable and totally ignore the justice and harmony in society.
People argue that Taoism is the magic power to govern their country. By doing so, humanity may totally disappear or be discarded and all people may be willing to be ordinary so as to keep a harmonious, friendly, but nonsense society.
Apart from the miserable wives, Chinese parents also frequently mention the word ‘conscience’.
In the human rights–centralised Western countries, the relationship between parents and their children is friendship. Especially after their children are grown up, such relationship will become more obvious.
Parents show great respect toward their children’s human rights and rights of property. In return, such children do for their parents.
Parents and their children are definitely independent from each other from the perspective of economy and character.
Parents are responsible for their own behaviours, and so are their children.
Parents are never in charge of their children’s behaviours, and neither are their children.
If there are some feelings between parents and their children, they are the purest in the world involved within business meanings or disguised patterns.
On the contrary, Chinese people appear totally different.
The relationship between parents and their children is the utter commercial relation.
Children are the commodities of their parents; the caring and love from parents to their children are the concrete goods, though there are no prices pronounced. Thus, parents need not pay tax.
Judging from the way to educate their children, Chinese parents often ask their children, ‘Who is good to you, Dad or Mum? You see, Dad and Mum care so much for you, so you should know how to express your thanks to us one day!’
As for those children who treat their mother rather bad after being married with a lovely girl, the common remark from the Chinese audience is, ‘The conscienceless man, cruel as a wolf!’
There is a recognised commercial relation between Chinese parents and children.
Parents give birth to their children and bring them up so that their children are able to look after them after many years, that is, raise children for themselves.
Therefore, in the rural area, Chinese parents hate their daughters so much, since most daughters will live in their husbands’ household after their marriage and won’t live with their own parents, while most sons will live with their own parents.
A huge number of female babies have been aborted and abandoned because girls have no function of looking after the aged.
It is when the productivity was far behind in China that Lao-Tzu put forward his systemic cultural thoughts, so his argument were quite right in the past. At that time, people were rather poor and innocent and just walked out of from the jungle, transforming into real human beings from the savages. Then each person was born militant and wild with the strong ambition of snatching the social resource. The masculine thought featured by the law of the jungle is considered as the common sense, the basic culture, and the basic social environment in the ancient times.
The softest and the most feminine systemic culture of Lao-Tzu quite fits the masculine and original social surroundings led by the law of the jungle, which also gave birth to the significance of ancient China’s culture.
The principle of systemic culture is the principle of socialism that takes the strong social resources—army, country, land, and state-owned capital—as the solid foundations and then adjust the social and international relationships as well as the social conflicts. The most effective role of systemic culture is to create a balanced society. The more intensive the social conflicts appear, the more effective the system’s functions are. Those are a country’s functions.
Because a large amount of rich national resources are employed as the adjustor for a society, every sort of social strength is just a weak individual that is too small to notice.
Though social conflicts are so intensive, there is no strength that is strong enough to fight against a country.
However, why does a capitalist society speaks highly of human rights, freedom, democracy, humanity, donation, and conscience? The reason is that there is no ability or institution in a capitalist society that can be used to solve the social conflicts in the lower layer. So some verbal forms of hypocrisy have to be employed to obtain spiritual victory.
But the national capital of socialist countries is mainly used to solve the social conflicts in the lower layer. Therefore, there is no need to worry about the intensification of social contradictions in a socialist country. There is also no form of social strength that can be against the state. Whether capitalists or the poor citizens are all considered as the chesses on the chessboard, the statesmen in a socialist country can apply the state-owned capital to control the entire society and serve the people. Thus, the statesmen in socialist countries are the happiest people on earth, the most rewarding people in the world, and the most different people broadening the most significant historical missions and the serious responsibilities.
Socialist society is the most promising one, as an ideal society.
Politicians of capitalism are all wretched. They are all capitalists’ puppets who have no thoughts of their own and are totally controlled by others.
While statesmen of socialism are true statesmen, they have the power to make full use of rich social resources to realise their political dreams.
They can easily take the ‘law of the jungle’ as their own cultural conception and moral regulations, enabling citizens to show off the best of their productivity and enthusiasm toward labour. The simple reason is social productive, the most effective and the most advanced, which can also prove that the social system of socialism is the most advanced, the path where the previous revolutionaries led us to believe was the only correct way, and the Communist Party is the most proper. Otherwise, how does the party take its power?
What’s more, the social conflicts resulted from the ‘law of the jungle’ can be settled down easily by handling the state-owned capital without any concern.
It can’t be realised in the capitalistic society. It is the absolute advantage.
It is also the primary benefit of socialism.
It is the solution to the problem.
Femininity refers to obtaining man’s purpose by witness and human beings’ weakness.
Masculinity means to achieve one’s goal by treaty, force, power, and violence.
Femininity is equal to realising one’s aims using human beings’ weakness, which is, seeking the short-term interests and ignoring the macro-directions, great witness, and a whole new view of issues.
Masculinity means the realisation of individuals’ goals by making good use of cravenly clinging to life instead of braving death.
One centres personal interests, the other stressed on force.
One uses tricks, the other applies actions.
Both femininity and masculinity have their own weakness.
If they can be combined perfectly and applied flexibly, femininity and masculinity will make an invincible magic weapon.
But in the aspect of strategy, femininity should be taken as the starting point to avoid the unnecessary and huge scarification.
In the aspect of tactics, masculinity should be employed to force the enemies to give in, conquering without a single fight. Force can be used to settle down relevant issues, unless it’s absolutely necessary.
Exogamy is a typical example of the application of femininity to reach universal harmony in the world.
Getting married and giving birth to children is the most harmless and the most effective means of warfare.